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Your submitted paragraph: bithorax complex (BX-C) The pioneering genetic studies of E.B. Lewis on the bithorax complex in Drosophila paved the way for our present understanding of the genetic regulation of development. The HOMEOTIC GENES of the bithorax complex are responsible for specifying the developmental programs of most thoracic and abdominal segments. In embryos lacking the bithorax complex the segments posterior to the second thoracic segment (T2) fail to make their normal characteristic structures but instead all appear similar to T2. The bithorax complex contains three genes Ultrabithorax, abdominal-A, and Abdominal-B which are required for the development of successively more posterior segments. These genes encode TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS of the homeodomain class and are expressd in overlapping domains along the antero- posterior axis of the developing embryo. Other genetic loci within the complex (e.g. bithorax, postbithorax) identify regulatory elements required for the correct spatial patterning of the expression of the protein-coding genes. See also: DROSOPHILA DEVELOPMENT; HOMEOTIC GENES.

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